Descriptions of Northern Ontario Species
Over one hundred original descriptive webpages have been compiled for the Northern Ontario Plant Database (NOPD) website. These webpages are primarily of species included in Ontario’s Forest Ecosystem Classification (FEC) and are intended to assist forestry workers and students in the identification of these species. Click on the thumbnail images to link to a full-page image in a new window. In addition to images scanned from 35 mm slides, many digital images by Derek Goertz, a very talented former AUC student, have been included in the webpages.
New descriptions and images will be added to the website throughout the course of the project.
Trees
- Abies balsamea (balsam fir)
- Acer pensylvanicum (striped maple)
- Acer rubrum (red maple)
- Acer saccharinum (silver maple)
- Acer saccharum (sugar maple)
- Acer spicatum (mountain maple)
- Betula alleghaniensis (yellow birch)
- Betula papyrifera (white birch)
- Fagus grandifolia (American beech)
- Fraxinus americana (white ash)
- Fraxinus pennsylvanica (red ash)
- Larix laricina (hackmatack)
- Malus pumila (common apple)
- Ostrya virginiana (eastern hop-hornbeam)
- Picea glauca (white spruce)
- Picea rubens (red spruce)
- Pinus resinosa (red pine)
- Populus tremuloides (trembling aspen)
- Quercus macrocarpa (bur oak)
- Quercus rubra (northern red oak)
- Salix × fragilis (crack willow)
- Thuja occidentalis (northern white cedar)
- Tilia americana (basswood)
- Tsuga canadensis (eastern hemlock)
- Ulmus americana (white elm)
Shrubs
- Alnus alnobetula subsp. crispa (mountain alder)
- Alnus incana subsp. rugosa (speckled alder)
- Amelanchier laevis (smooth Juneberry)
- Betula pumila (dwarf birch)
- Chamaedaphne calyculata (leatherleaf)
- Comptonia peregrina (sweetfern)
- Cornus alternifolia (alternate-leaf dogwood)
- Cornus rugosa (roundleaf dogwood)
- Cornus sericea (red-osier dogwood)
- Corylus cornuta (beaked hazelnut)
- Crataegus chrysocarpa (fireberry hawthorn)
- Dasiphora fruticosa (shrubby cinquefoil)
- Diervilla lonicera (bush honeysuckle)
- Dirca palustris (leatherwood)
- Ilex mucronata (mountain holly)
- Ilex verticillata (winterberry)
- Juniperus communis (common juniper)
- Kalmia angustifolia (sheep laurel)
- Lonicera canadensis (Canada fly honeysuckle)
- Myrica gale (sweet gale)
- Physocarpus opulifolius (eastern ninebark)
- Prunus pensylvanica (pin cherry)
- Prunus virginiana (chokecherry)
- Rhododendron groenlandicum (Labrador tea)
- Rhus typhina (staghorn sumac)
- Ribes glandulosum (skunk currant)
- Ribes hirtellum (wild gooseberry)
- Ribes triste (swamp red currant)
- Rosa acicularis (prickly rose)
- Rosa blanda (smooth rose)
- Rosa palustris (swamp rose)
- Rubus allegheniensis (Alleghany blackberry)
- Rubus canadensis (Canada blackberry)
- Rubus idaeus (wild red raspberry)
- Rubus parviflorus (thimbleberry)
- Salix discolor (pussy willow)
- Salix humilis (upland willow)
- Salix pedicellaris (bog willow)
- Salix petiolaris (meadow willow)
- Salix planifolia (tealeaf willow)
- Sambucus canadensis (common elderberry)
- Sambucus racemosa var. pubens (red elderberry)
- Shepherdia canadensis (soapberry)
- Sorbus decora (showy mountain ash)
- Spiraea alba (narrowleaf meadowsweet)
- Taxus canadensis (Canada yew)
- Toxicodendron radicans var. rydbergii (Rydberg’s poison ivy)
- Vaccinium angustifolium (lowbush blueberry)
- Vaccinium myrtilloides (velvetleaf blueberry)
- Vaccinium ovalifolium (ovalleaf bilberry)
- Viburnum cassinoides (northern wild raisin)
- Viburnum edule (squashberry)
- Viburnum trilobum (highbush cranberry)
Dwarf Shrubs/Vines
- Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (bearberry)
- Clematis virginiana (virgin’s-bower)
- Gaultheria procumbens (wintergreen)
- Linnaea borealis (twinflower)
- Lonicera dioica (glaucous honeysuckle)
- Lonicera hirsuta (hairy honeysuckle)
- Mitchella repens (partridgeberry)
- Parthenocissus vitacea (thicket creeper)
- Rubus arcticus subsp. acaulis (stemless raspberry, plumboy)
- Rubus chamaemorus (cloudberry, bakeapple)
- Rubus pubescens (dewberry, dwarf raspberry)
- Vaccinium oxycoccos (small cranberry)
Herbs (Forbs)
- Acorus americanus (American sweetflag)
- Actaea pachypoda (doll’s eyes)
- Allium tricoccum (wild leek)
- Anaphalis margaritacea (pearly everlasting)
- Anemone canadensis (Canada anemone)
- Apocynum androsaemifolium (spreading dogbane)
- Aralia racemosa (spikenard)
- Arethusa bulbosa (dragon’s mouth)
- Arisaema triphyllum (Jack-in-the-pulpit)
- Asclepias incarnata (swamp milkweed)
- Asclepias syriaca (common milkweed)
- Brasenia schreberi (watershield)
- Caltha palustris (marsh marigold)
- Caulophyllum thalictroides (blue cohosh)
- Chamaenerion angustifolium (fireweed)
- Claytonia caroliniana (Carolina spring beauty)
- Clintonia borealis (bluebead lily)
- Coptis trifolia (goldthread)
- Corallorhiza striata (striped coralroot)
- Cornus canadensis (bunchberry)
- Dicentra cucullaria (Dutchman’s breeches)
- Doellingeria umbellata (flattop white aster)
- Epipactis helleborine (broadleaf helleborine)
- Erythronium americanum (yellow trout lily)
- Euthamia graminifolia (grassleaf goldenrod)
- Eutrochium maculatum (spotted Joe-Pye weed)
- Fragaria vesca (woodland strawberry)
- Fragaria virginiana (wild strawberry)
- Geum fragarioides (barren strawberry)
- Hepatica americana (roundlobe liverleaf)
- Heracleum mantegazzianum (giant hogweed)
- Heracleum maximum (cow parsnip)
- Impatiens capensis (spotted jewelweed)
- Iris versicolor (blue flag, iris)
- Lilium philadelphicum (wood lily)
- Maianthemum canadense (wild lily-of-the-valley)
- Maianthemum racemosum (feathery false Solomon’s seal)
- Medeola virginiana (Indian cucumber-root)
- Mitella nuda (naked miterwort)
- Pogonia ophioglossoides (rose pogonia)
- Polygonatum pubescens (hairy Solomon’s seal)
- Pyrola asarifolia (pink pyrola)
- Rudbeckia hirta (black-eyed Susan)
- Sanguinaria canadensis (bloodroot)
- Sarracenia purpurea (pitcher plant)
- Solidago nemoralis (greystem goldenrod)
- Streptopus lanceolatus (rose twisted-stalk)
- Symplocarpus foetidus (skunk cabbage)
- Thalictrum pubescens (tall meadowrue)
- Tiarella cordifolia (heartleaf foamflower)
- Trientalis borealis (starflower)
- Trillium cernuum (nodding trillium)
- Trillium erectum (red trillium)
- Trillium grandiflorum (white trillium)
- Viola blanda (sweet white violet)
- Viola cucullata (marsh blue violet)
- Viola lanceolata (lanceleaf violet)
- Viola macloskeyi (northern white violet)
- Viola nephrophylla (northern bog violet)
- Viola pubescens (downy yellow violet)
- Viola renifolia (kidneyleaf violet)
- Viola selkirkii (Selkirk’s violet)
- Viola sororia (woolly blue violet)
Herbs (Graminoids)
- Anthoxanthum nitens (vanilla sweetgrass)
- Brachyelytrum aristosum (northern shorthusk)
- Carex arctata (drooping woodland sedge)
- Carex gracillima (graceful sedge)
- Danthonia spicata (poverty oatgrass)
- Deschampsia flexuosa (wavy hairgrass)
Pteridophytes
- Dryopteris intermedia (evergreen woodfern)
- Huperzia lucidula (shining firmoss)
- Lycopodium annotinum (stiff clubmoss)
- Osmundastrum cinnamomeum (cinnamon fern)
- Polystichum braunii (Braun’s holly fern)
- Pteridium aquilinum (eastern bracken fern)
- Selaginella selaginoides (spikemoss)
Bryophytes
- Hylocomium splendens (stairstep moss)
- Pleurozium schreberi (Schreber’s moss)
- Ptilium crista-castrensis (plume moss)
- Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus (shaggy moss)
Photographers of the images and the illustrators can be identified by their initials, included in the copyright information on each image: dg = Derek Goertz, sjm = Susan J. Meades, jem = John Maunder (Newfoundland Museum), rd = Russ Dennison (deceased Sault Naturalist), kb = Ken Baldwin.